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A: No, RUTX12 does not have RS485.
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Q: How can I configure a WLAN that uses the two interfaces: MOB1S1A1 and MOB2S1A1 including the two frequency ranges 2.4GHz and 5GHz?

A: RUTX12 has two modems, so both SIM cards, by default, are always active. That means that WLAN will use both interfaces by default.
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Q: How can I set the load balancing and failover of the two interfaces so that the SIM card with the best reception is always used as the primary interface?

A: Because RUTX12 has two modems, it uses load balancing, so both SIMs will be active. Load balancing is a way of distributing traffic over multiple connections. It does not bond the connections together but distributes the available resources among clients and connections.

For example, in a network with 4 clients that have established 10 connections to the Internet each, 50/50 ratio load balancing can distribute this traffic equally over two different network interfaces using different ISPs. (Other ratios can be applied as well.)

More information on this you can find here: https://wiki.teltonika-networks.com/view/LTE_Bonding_vs_Load_Balancing
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Q: How can I set the failover so that when one SIM card reaches its data limit, only the second SIM card is used?

A: Because RUTX12 has two modems, if one SIM card will reach the data limit and will stop working, the second SIM automatically will take over.
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Q: What is the default password for the root user of the RUTX12?

A: admin01
If the password admin01 is not accepted even after reset. I would suggest updating router firmware via the bootloader menu. You can find detailed instructions here:

https://wiki.teltonika-networks.com/view/RUTXxx_Firmware_via_The_Bootloader_Menu

After the update, the password will get back to default. 
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Q: Why can't I login in the CLI with the admin user and my password, although this user is a member of the root user group?

A: By default, there is one SSH user named "root" and it shares the same password as the default WebUI user named "admin". You can't create multiple SSH users.
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Q: Can I address devices in the Bluetooth range of the RUTX12 via openVPN from outside and if yes, how?

A: I don't think that would be possible, but to answer correctly it would be great if you could describe in more detail what do you wish to achieve. You could redirect collected information from Bluetooth sensors with data to server functionality. https://wiki.teltonika-networks.com/view/RUTX12_Data_to_Server
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Q: What (firewall, routing, NAT etc.) do I have to configure and how in order to be able to address devices connected to the WLAN of the RUTX12 via openVPN?

A: The configuration depends if RUTX12 works as an OpenVPN client or server. But in general, you just need to configure routes on your OpenVPN configuration. More information on this you can find here: https://wiki.teltonika-networks.com/view/OpenVPN_configuration_examples#Reaching_a_device.27s_LAN_network
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Q: How can I install applications/apps on the RUTX12 so that I can use them via openVPN?

A: To answer this question we would need to know more information about what exactly you want to achieve. Packages can be installed with these cmmands:

opkg update

opkg list

opkg install <PACKAGE_NAME>
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Q: How can I store files on the RUTX12 and is there a possibility to extend the memory of the RUTX12 e.g. via a USB stick?

A: Yes, you can store and expand RUTX12 storage more information on this you can find here: https://wiki.teltonika-networks.com/view/RUTX12_Storage_Memory_Expansion